Effect of Different Floor Types on Masonry Structural Behavior

Abstract

This comprehensive study examines the impact of different flooring materials on the structural integrity of masonry buildings, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to provide insights into optimising the design for improved durability and safety. The sensitivity of masonry structures to seismic and mechanical loads requires a detailed examination of how different types of flooring affect their overall structural behaviour. To this end, the research used SAP2000, a sophisticated finite element program, to model masonry buildings with two primary floor slab materials: concrete and timber. The aim was to assess how these materials affect the response of the structures to both static and dynamic loads, and to gain a clearer understanding of the impact of flooring choice on structural performance. The study conducted non-linear analyses of the modelled structures, focusing on key structural performance indicators, including stress distribution, displacement and failure modes, under various seismic loading scenarios. Through rigorous simulation, the research identified critical differences in how concrete and timber floors influence the structural behaviour of masonry buildings, particularly under the stress of seismic activity. Key findings from the study highlight the significant role that the choice of flooring material plays in the structural resilience and seismic performance of masonry structures. The results show that while concrete floors contribute to increased stiffness and load-bearing capacity, timber floors offer advantages in terms of flexibility and energy dissipation. These findings provide architects and engineers with valuable guidance on material selection and structural design. By incorporating these insights into the design and refurbishment of masonry buildings, professionals can significantly improve the durability, safety, and seismic performance of these structures. This research enriches the field of structural engineering with practical knowledge and contributes to the ongoing effort to develop safer, more durable buildings capable of withstanding natural and man-made loads.